Although at this point in time there is nothing that can be done to stop earthquakes happening, there are many things that can be done to reduce the damage of earthquakes and all the effects it has on people and places. As soon as an earthquake hits, the local fire and police departments should be ready to go and help the people escape and put out the fires. The damage should be reported to government agencies and they should set up a team to respond with rescue and recovery operations. Shelter needs to be set up for the people who have lost their homes. They should be provided with food, clean water and medical assistance.
Earthquake-proof buildings should be built in areas where earthquakes are a risk. These buildings are much stronger than normal buildings and are able to stand up to the shaking ground made by earthquakes. They are built with special technology that has materials to withstand earthquakes. They are not 100% effective but are proven to be much stronger than normal buildings in the event of an earthquake.
Sources
http://www.ncree.gov.tw/eng/4_edu/Brochure_Earthquake_Disaster_Prevention.pdf
http://www.odec.ca/projects/2006/thom6d2/earthquakeresistant.htm
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2008/pr13/en/index.html
http://mceer.buffalo.edu/research/international_research/ANCER/Members/ou_jp_edpmrc_center.pdf
http://www.teara.govt.nz/EarthSeaAndSky/NaturalHazardsAndDisasters/Earthquakes/4/en
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